Umqondo Wokucindezeleka
Uma sixoxa ngomqondo wokucindezeleka, nakanjani kufanele sihilele ukucindezeleka. Ukucindezeleka kubhekisela emandleni akhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwento ukuze amelane nokuguquguquka ngaphansi kwamandla angaphandle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukucindezeleka kubhekisela ezinguqukweni ezihambisanayo ngesimo nosayizi wento engaphansi kwamandla angaphandle. Le mibono emibili, njengemingcele ebalulekile yokuchaza nokulinganisa ukuziphatha nokusebenza kwezinto ezingaphansi kokucindezeleka, isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wesayensi yezinto.
Ukucindezeleka Kwelensi
Emkhakheni wesayensi yezinto zokwakha, ukucindezeleka kuwumqondo obalulekile. Ukukhiqizwa kwamalensi e-resin kuyindlela ebalulekile yokusetshenziswa kulo mkhakha, okubandakanya ulwazi olufanele lwezinto zelensi. Namuhla, amalensi ajwayelekile emakethe enziwe kakhulu ngezinto zelensi. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, ukukhiqizwa kokucindezeleka kumalensi akunakugwenywa. Okukhathaza kakhulu ukuthi umphumela wokucindezeleka wamalensi awukwazi ukubonwa ngamehlo enyama, futhi ungaqashwa ngempumelelo kuphela ngosizo lwemishini yokuhlola yokukhanya ekhethekile njengemitha yokucindezeleka. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, amalensi ngokuvamile angabonisa izinhlobo ezimbili zezehlakalo zokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi: ukucindezeleka kokuqondiswa kanye nokucindezeleka kokuncipha. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zokucindezeleka zingaba nomthelela othile kwikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kwamalensi, ngakho-ke kudingeka zinikezwe ukunakwa okwanele.
① Ukucindezeleka Kokuqondisa
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubumba izinto ze-resin, izintambo zama-molecule zibhekene nokucindezela okuphezulu kanye namandla aphezulu okucheba, okubangela ukuthi zenze izinguquko ezinkulu. Ngenxa yokuthi izintambo zama-molecule zezinto ziyaqandiswa esimweni esingahlelekile nesikhululekile ngaphambi kokuba zibuyele esimweni sazo semvelo ngokugcwele, kudalwa ukucindezeleka kokuqondiswa okusele. Lesi simo sibonakala kakhulu ezintweni ze-PC.
Incazelo Elula:
Ilensi yenziwe ngezinto ze-resin. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokubumba, ukushintsha kusuka ku-liquid kuya ku-solid lens kukhombisa ukufana okungaphelele, okuholela ekucindezelekeni kwangaphakathi. Lokhu kucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kubonakala njengokucindezela okuvela ezindaweni ezinobuningi obukhulu kuya ezindaweni ezinobuningi obuphansi.
②Ukucindezeleka Kokuncipha
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqizwa kwezinto ze-resin, amaketanga ama-molecule, njengoba eshintsha esuka ekuncibilikeni aye ekupholiseni, angase abhekane nokusatshalaliswa okungalingani kwamazinga okushisa okupholisa ngenxa yokwehluka kobukhulu bodonga lomkhiqizo noma iziteshi zamanzi okupholisa. Ngenxa yalokho, lo mehluko wokushisa ungaholela emazingeni ahlukene okuncipha ezindaweni ezahlukene. Umehluko emazingeni okuncipha phakathi kwezindawo ezahlukene ungabangela ukucindezeleka okusele ngenxa yemiphumela yamandla okudonsa kanye nokugunda.
Incazelo Elula:
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokupholisa yokukhiqizwa kwelensi, izici ezifana nokwehluka kobukhulu belensi kanye nobudlelwano bazo nemishini yokupholisa yangaphakathi, isibonelo, ukupholisa okusheshayo kwezinye izindawo kanye nokupholisa okuhamba kancane kwezinye, konke kungaholela ekudalweni kokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi.
Ukususwa Kokucindezeleka Kwelensi
1. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwamasu Okukhiqiza
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhiqizwa kokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza amalensi, abakhiqizi bamalensi baqhubeka nokwenza ngcono futhi bathuthukise amasu okukhiqiza. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza amalensi, ilensi idlula ezinyathelweni ezintathu zokushisa okuphezulu. Inqubo yokuqala yokwelapha iguqula ilensi isuke esimweni soketshezi iye esimweni esiqinile futhi isuse ukucindezeleka okungaphakathi kwento eqinile. Ukwelapha okubili okulandelayo kuhlose ukususa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi izikhathi eziningi, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe isakhiwo sangaphakathi selensi esifana kakhulu.
2. Ukuphumula Kokucindezeleka Kwelensi
Ngokusho kwencazelo yomthetho kaHooke ku-physics, ngaphansi kwezimo zokucindezeleka okuqhubekayo, ukucindezeleka kuncipha kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, into eyaziwa ngokuthi i-stress relaxation curve. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imiphumela yokucindezeleka yokuma kanye nokuncipha ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqizwa kwelensi iyancipha kancane kancane njengoba isikhathi sokugcina selensi ngemva kokubumba sanda. Isikhathi sokuphumula sokucindezeleka kwelensi sihlobene kakhulu nokucindezeleka kanye nokucindezeleka kwangaphandle. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, ukucindezeleka kulensi kuzoncipha kube okungenani ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu ngemva kokuqedwa kokukhiqizwa kwelensi. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kulensi kuyasuswa ngokuphelele ngemva kokuphuma efektri.
Ukudalwa Kokucindezeleka Ezibukweni Zamehlo
Njengoba siqonda ukucindezeleka kwelensi, siyazi ukuthi umthelela wokucindezeleka emikhiqizweni yelensi ngayinye mncane kakhulu, futhi ungabhekwa njengento engabalulekile. Ngakho-ke, endinganisweni kazwelonke yamalensi eShayina, imingcele yokucindezeleka ayifakiwe ezindinganisweni zokufaneleka. Ngakho-ke, iyini imbangela eyinhloko yokucindezeleka kwengilazi yamehlo? Lokhu kuhlobene kakhulu nobuchwepheshe benqubo yokulungiselela ingilazi yamehlo eyenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Ezitolo ezithengisa izibuko zamehlo, ngesikhathi senqubo yokufaka ilensi yomhlabathi ohlakeni, udokotela wamehlo ugaya ilensi enkulu kancane kunosayizi wangempela odingekayo ukuze avimbele ilensi ukuthi ikhululeke kakhulu futhi isuswe kalula ohlakeni. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukulingana okuqinile lapho ilensi iboshelwe ohlakeni ngezikulufo, kuyivimbele ukuthi ingasheleli. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kusebenza kungandisa ukucindezeleka kwelensi, okuholela ekungakhululeki uma igugile. Ubukhulu belensi obukhulu noma ukuqinisa kakhulu izikulufo zohlaka kungabangela ukujiya okungalingani ebusweni belensi, okuholela ekuqhumeni okufana namagagasi futhi kuthinte ikhwalithi yesithombe.
Isenzakalo Sokukhiqiza Ukucindezeleka Kwezibuko Zamehlo
1. Ukuqina kwe-Birefringence
Ngenxa yobukhulu bokugaya belensi obukhulu kancane, ukuqina ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlanganisa kubangela ukuthi indawo engaphandle kwelensi icindezelwe, okuholela ekuqineni okukhulu. Lolu shintsho ekuqineni lushintsha inkomba yokuqala yokukhanya kwelensi, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele ukwenzeka "kwe-birefringence" kulensi.
2. Igobekile
Ukusabalala Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlanganisa izibuko zamehlo, uma usayizi uqinile kakhulu, kuzobangela ukuthi ilensi icindezelwe, okuholela "ekushwabaneni" okungaphezulu futhi kubangele ukuhlakazeka okugobile kwelensi.
Uma sibhekene nezinkinga ezinjalo, singasusa ilensi kufreyimu ukuze sishintshe isimo esicindezelwe selensi. Lolu shintsho luwukulungiswa kwesikhashana kokucindezeleka, futhi ngemva kokususwa kwamandla angaphandle, isimo selensi singakhululeka noma sibuyiselwe ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi uma kukhona izinguquko zokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi zesikhathi eside ezibangelwa ukucindezeleka kwangaphandle, noma ngabe ilensi ihlakazwa futhi ihlanganiswa kabusha, ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukubuyiselwa kwelensi esimweni sayo sokuqala. Kulesi simo, okuwukuphela kwenketho ukukhetha ukwenza ngokwezifiso ilensi entsha.
Ukucindezeleka kwelensi kuvame kakhulu ezingilazini ezigcwele uhlaka, kanti ezingilazini ezingenama-semi-rim, kungenzeka futhi uma ucingo lomphetho luqinile kakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwesimo luvame ukwenzeka endaweni engaphandle kwelensi, futhi ukucindezeleka okuncane kunomthelela omncane kwikhwalithi yokubona futhi akubonakali kalula. Kodwa-ke, uma ukucindezeleka kukhulu, kuzothinta indawo ephakathi nendawo yokukhanya, okuholela ekuboneni okufiphele kanye nokukhathala kokubona, ikakhulukazi lapho ubheka umngcele noma ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kokuskena.
Ngenxa yokuthi ukucindezeleka kwezibuko zamehlo kubangelwa kakhulu ukucindezelwa kohlaka, izibuko ezingenafreyimu zibonisa ukusebenza okungcono kokunciphisa ukucindezeleka.
Indlela Yokuzihlola Ngokucindezeleka Kwengilazi Yamehlo
Ngemva kokubhekana namandla angaphandle, amalensi ezinto ezahlukene azokhiqiza amaphethini ahlukene okucindezeleka ngenxa yokwehluka kobukhulu, ubulukhuni, kanye nesakhiwo sangaphakathi. Kodwa-ke, izenzakalo zokucindezeleka zingase zenzeke kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zinjani izinto. Okulandelayo isingeniso esifushane sendlela yokuhlola ukucindezeleka. Amathuluzi adingekayo yi-computer monitor kanye namalensi ahlanganisiwe.
Indlela yokusebenza:
1. Qala ikhompyutha bese uvula idokhumenti ye-Word engenalutho. (Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kudinga ukusetshenziswa kokukhanya okuhlanganisiwe, futhi i-computer monitor iwumthombo ovamile wokukhanya kokuhlola ukucindezeleka.)
2. Beka izibuko phambi kwesikrini sekhompyutha bese uqaphela ngokucophelela ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini izinto ezingavamile ezikhona.
3. Sebenzisa amalensi ane-polarized (izinketho zifaka phakathi izibuko zelanga ezine-polarized, iziqeshana zamalensi ane-polarized, kanye nezibuko ze-movie ze-3D) ukuze ubone amaphethini okucindezeleka kumalensi ezibuko kanye nesikrini sekhompyutha.
Amalensi ahlanganisiwe angaveza ukuphambuka okunemigqa endaweni engaphandle kwelensi, okuwukubonakaliswa kwamaphethini okucindezeleka. Ukusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka ezingilazini kuvame ukubonakala njengezindawo zokucindezeleka kanye nezinsimu zokucindezeleka, futhi izinga lamaphethini okucindezeleka lihlobene eduze nomphumela wokucindezeleka wezingilazi. Ngokuhlaziya ukusatshalaliswa kwamaphethini okucindezeleka, singanquma kalula indlela yokucindezela kanye nenani lokucindezeleka elensi eliye labhekana nakho ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlanganisa.
Uma ihlolwa, ilensi yokuqala ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa isenezinga elithile lokucindezeleka uma kungekho amandla angaphandle. Lokhu kungenxa yamandla angalingani njengokucindezela nokuncipha ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza, okuholela ekucindezelekeni kwangaphakathi. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuba khona kokucindezeleka kwangaphakathi ezibukweni zamehlo kunzima ukukugwema, futhi inani elincane noma elincane lamaphethini okucindezeleka liyamukeleka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amaphethini okucindezeleka akufanele asatshalaliswe esikhungweni se-optical selensi ukuze kugwenywe ukuthinta ikhwalithi yokubuka.
Ekuphetheni
Imiphumela yokucindezeleka yezibuko zamehlo ingaba nomthelela ekhwalithini yazo yokubona, njengokungakhululeki lapho zigqokwa futhi zisakazeka ensimini yokubona engaphandle. Kodwa-ke, kufanele siqaphele ukuthi isimo sokucindezeleka sezibuko zamehlo kunzima ukusigwema, futhi uma nje singaphakathi kwebanga elifanele, umthelela ekuboneni ungaba cishe uncane. Amalensi enziwe ngokwezifiso ayazuza kubuchwepheshe be-lathe, okuholela ezimweni zokucindezeleka eziphansi, futhi manje asewumkhiqizo ovelele emakethe yezibuko zamehlo ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-12-2024