Amalensi ajwayelekile kubantu abaningi, futhi adlala indima enkulu ekulungiseni i-myopia ezingilazini. Amalensi anezendlalelo ezahlukene zokumboza, njengokwemboza okuluhlaza, okwesibhakabhaka, okwesibhakabhaka-onsomi, ngisho nokwegolide elibizayo. Ukuguguleka kwezendlalelo zokumboza kungenye yezizathu eziyinhloko zokushintsha izibuko zamehlo, ngakho-ke ake sifunde kabanzi ngezingqimba zokumboza zamalensi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokumbozwa kwelensi
Ngaphambi kokufika kwamalensi e-resin, amalensi engilazi ayevame ukusetshenziswa. Izinzuzo zamalensi engilazi yi-refractive index ephezulu, ukudlulisa ukukhanya okuphezulu, kanye nokuqina okuphezulu, kodwa futhi zinezinkinga ezifana nokuthambekela ekuphukeni, ukusinda, kanye nokungaphephile.
Ukuze kuxazululwe izinkinga zamalensi engilazi, amafektri athuthukise izinto ezahlukahlukene zokufaka esikhundleni samalensi engilazi, kodwa azikho ezifanele. Izinto ngazinye zinezinzuzo nezinkinga zazo, futhi kunzima ukufeza ibhalansi. Lokhu kusebenza nakumalensi e-resin amanje (izinto ze-resin).
Kumalensi e-resin amanje, ukumboza kuyinqubo edingekayo. Izinto ze-resin nazo zinezigaba eziningi, njenge-MR-7, MR-8, CR-39, PC, NK-55-C, nezinye izinto eziningi ze-resin, ngayinye inezici ezihlukile. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ilensi yengilazi noma ilensi ye-resin, ukukhanya okudlula ebusweni belensi kuzobhekana nezimo ezahlukahlukene zokukhanya: ukubonakaliswa, ukufiphazwa, ukumuncwa, ukusabalala, kanye nokudluliselwa.
Ukumboza ilensi ngefilimu evimbela ukukhanya
Ngaphambi kokuba ukukhanya kufinyelele ebusweni belensi, kusuke kunamandla okukhanya angu-100%, kodwa uma kuphuma ilensi bese kungena esweni, akusekho amandla okukhanya angu-100%. Uma iphesenti lamandla okukhanya liphezulu, kulapho ukudluliselwa kokukhanya kuba ngcono, futhi kulapho ikhwalithi yokuthwebula izithombe kanye nesisombululo kuphakeme khona.
Kwizinto ezithile zelensi, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokukhanya kuyindlela evamile yokwandisa ukudluliselwa kokukhanya. Uma ukukhanya kukhanyiswa kakhulu, ukudluliselwa kwelensi kwehla, okuholela ekhwalithini yokuthwebula engeyinhle. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa ukubonakaliswa sekuyinkinga okumele ixazululwe amalensi e-resin, futhi ifilimu elwa nokukhanya (ifilimu ye-AR) isetshenziswe kulensi (ekuqaleni, ukugqoka okuvimbela ukukhanyisa kwakusetshenziswa kwamanye amalensi okukhanya).
Ifilimu evimbela ukukhanyisa isebenzisa isimiso sokuphazamiseka ukuthola ubudlelwano phakathi kokukhanya okukhanyayo kwelensi eboshwe ngefilimu evimbela ukukhanyisa kanye nobude bokukhanya kwesigameko, ubukhulu belensi yefilimu, inkomba yokukhanya kwelensi yefilimu, kanye nenkomba yokukhanya kwelensi ye-substrate yelensi, okuvumela ukukhanya okudlula kulelensi yefilimu ukuthi kukhansele, kunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla okukhanya ebusweni belensi kanye nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesithombe kanye nesisombululo.
Izembozo ezivimbela ukukhanyisa zivame ukusebenzisa ama-metal oxide ahlanzekile kakhulu njenge-titanium dioxide ne-cobalt oxide, afakwa ebusweni belensi ngenqubo yokuhwamuka (i-vacuum deposition) ukuze kufezwe imiphumela emihle yokulwa nokukhanya. Izembozo ezivimbela ukukhanyisa zivame ukushiya izinsalela, futhi izingqimba eziningi zefilimu zitholakala kakhulu kububanzi bombala oluhlaza.
Umbala wefilimu evimbela ukukhanyisa ungalawulwa, isibonelo, ukukhiqiza ifilimu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ifilimu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ifilimu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ifilimu empunga, njalo njalo. Izendlalelo zefilimu ezinemibala ehlukene zinomehluko enqubweni yokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, ifilimu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka isho ukuthi ukukhanyisa okuphansi kudingeka kulawulwe, futhi ubunzima bokumboza bukhulu kunokwefilimu eluhlaza. Kodwa-ke, umehluko ekudlulisweni kokukhanya phakathi kwamafilimu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka naluhlaza ungase ube ngaphansi kuka-1%.
Emikhiqizweni yelensi, amafilimu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuvamile avame kakhulu kumalensi aphakathi kuya kwaphezulu. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukudluliswa kokukhanya kwamafilimu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuphakeme kunokwamafilimu aluhlaza (qaphela ukuthi lokhu ngokuyisisekelo) ngoba ukukhanya kuyinhlanganisela yamaza ahlukene, futhi amaza ahlukene anezindawo ezahlukene zokuthatha izithombe ku-retina. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, ukukhanya okuphuzi-okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuthathwe isithombe esinembile ku-retina, futhi ulwazi olubonakalayo olunikezwa ukukhanya okuluhlaza luphakeme kakhulu, ngakho-ke iso lomuntu liyazwela ekukhanyeni okuluhlaza.
Ukumboza ilensi ngefilimu eqinile
Ngaphezu kokudlulisa ukukhanya, kokubili i-resin kanye nezinto zeglasi zinezinkinga ezinkulu: amalensi awaqinile ngokwanele.
Isixazululo ukuxazulula lokhu ngokufaka i-coating eqinile yefilimu.
Ubulukhuni bomphezulu wamalensi engilazi buphezulu kakhulu (ngokuvamile kushiya amabala amancane uma eklwejwa izinto ezivamile), kodwa akunjalo ngamalensi e-resin. Amalensi e-resin aklwejwa kalula yizinto eziqinile, okubonisa ukuthi awakwazi ukuguga.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokuguguleka kwelensi, kuyadingeka ukwengeza uqweqwe lwefilimu eqinile ebusweni belensi. Uqweqwe lwefilimu eqinile luvame ukusebenzisa ama-athomu e-silicon ekwelapheni ukuqina, kusetshenziswa isisombululo sokuqina esiqukethe i-matrix ephilayo kanye nezinhlayiya ezi-inorganic ultrafine kufaka phakathi izakhi ze-silicon. Ifilimu eqinile inokuqina kanye nokuqina ngasikhathi sinye (ungqimba lwefilimu ebusweni belensi luqinile, kanti i-substrate yelensi ayiqhekeki kakhulu, ngokungafani nengilazi ephuka kalula).
Ubuchwepheshe besimanje obuyinhloko bokumboza ifilimu eqinile ukucwiliswa. Ukumboza ifilimu eqinile kukhulu kakhulu, cishe ngo-3-5μm. Kumalensi e-resin anezimboza ifilimu eqinile, angabonakala ngomsindo wokuthinta ideskithophu kanye nokukhanya kombala welensi. Amalensi akhiqiza umsindo ocacile futhi anemiphetho ekhanyayo abhekane nokwelashwa kokuqina.
Ukumboza ilensi ngefilimu yokulwa nokungcola.
Ifilimu evimbela ukukhanyisa kanye nefilimu eqinile yizona zinto ezimbili eziyisisekelo zokumboza amalensi e-resin njengamanje. Ngokuvamile, ifilimu eqinile imbozwa kuqala, kulandele ifilimu evimbela ukukhanyisa. Ngenxa yemikhawulo yamanje yezinto zefilimu evimbela ukukhanyisa, kukhona ukuphikisana phakathi kwamakhono okuvimbela ukukhanyisa kanye nokulwa nokungcola. Ngenxa yokuthi ifilimu evimbela ukukhanyisa isesimweni sokuvuleka, ithambekele kakhulu ekwakheni amabala ebusweni belensi.
Isixazululo ukwengeza ungqimba olwengeziwe lwefilimu elwa nokungcola phezu kwefilimu elwa nokukhanya. Ifilimu elwa nokungcola yakhiwe kakhulu ngama-fluoride, angamboza ungqimba lwefilimu elwa nokukhanya olunezimbobo, anciphise indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwamanzi, uwoyela, kanye nelensi, ngenkathi engashintshi ukusebenza kokukhanya kwefilimu elwa nokukhanya.
Njengoba izidingo zikhula ngokwanda, kuye kwathuthukiswa izendlalelo zefilimu ezisebenzayo ezengeziwe, njengefilimu ehlukanisayo, ifilimu elwa nokuma, ifilimu yokuvikela ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ifilimu elwa nenkungu, nezinye izendlalelo zefilimu ezisebenzayo. Izinto zelensi ezifanayo, inkomba efanayo yokukhanya kwelensi, izinhlobo ezahlukene, ngisho nangaphakathi komkhiqizo ofanayo, ngezinto ezifanayo, uchungechunge oluhlukile lwamalensi lunokwehluka kwamanani, futhi izendlalelo zelensi zingenye yezizathu. Kukhona ukwehluka kobuchwepheshe kanye nekhwalithi yezendlalelo.
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zokumbozwa kwefilimu, kunzima kumuntu ojwayelekile ukubona umehluko. Kodwa-ke, kunohlobo olulodwa lokumbozwa lapho imiphumela ingabonakala kalula khona: amalensi okuvimba ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ubuchwepheshe obuvame ukusetshenziswa kumalensi okuvimba ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aphezulu).
Ilensi evimba ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka efanelekile ihlunga ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okuyingozi ebangeni elingu-380-460nm ngokusebenzisa ungqimba lwefilimu evimba ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kodwa-ke, kunomehluko ekusebenzeni kwangempela phakathi kwemikhiqizo evela kubakhiqizi abahlukene. Imikhiqizo eyahlukahlukene ibonisa umehluko ekusebenzeni kahle kokuvimba ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umbala oyisisekelo, kanye nokudluliswa kokukhanya, okuholela ngokwemvelo emananini ahlukahlukene.
Ukuvikelwa kokumbozwa kwelensi
Izembozo zamalensi ziyazwela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Izembozo kumalensi e-resin ziyasetshenziswa kamuva futhi zonke zinobuthakathaka obufanayo: ziyazwela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ukuvikela izembozo zamalensi ekuqhumeni kungandisa ngempumelelo isikhathi sokuphila samalensi. Izindawo ezilandelayo ezithile zivame ukubangela umonakalo ezimbozweni zamalensi:
1. Ukubeka izibuko kudeshibhodi yemoto emini ehlobo.
2. Ukugqoka izibuko noma ukuzibeka eduze ngenkathi usebenzisa i-sauna, ugeza, noma ucwilisa entwasahlobo eshisayo.
3. Ukupheka ekhishini ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu kawoyela; uma uwoyela oshisayo ungena kumalensi, angase aqhume ngokushesha.
4. Uma udla ibhodwe elishisayo, uma isobho elishisayo lithela amalensi, angase aqhume.
5. Ukushiya izibuko eduze kwezinto zasendlini ezikhiqiza ukushisa isikhathi eside, njengezibani zedeski, amathelevishini, njll.
Ngaphezu kwamaphuzu angenhla, kubalulekile futhi ukugwema uketshezi olunamandla olune-asidi noma lwe-alkaline ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi amafreyimu noma amalensi angagqwali.
Ukuqhuma kwezingubo zokugqoka kanye nokuklwebheka kwelensi kuhluke kakhulu. Ukuqhuma kubangelwa ukuchayeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma uketshezi lwamakhemikhali, kuyilapho ukuklwebheka kubangelwa ukuhlanzwa okungafanele noma ukuthinteka kwangaphandle.
Eqinisweni, izibuko ziwumkhiqizo othambile. Ziyazwela ekucindezelweni, ekuweni, ekugobeni, emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, kanye noketshezi olugqwalayo.
Ukuze kuvikelwe ukusebenza kokukhanya kwesendlalelo sefilimu, kuyadingeka:
1. Uma ukhumula izibuko zakho, zifake ebhokisini lokuvikela bese uzigcina endaweni lapho izingane zingenakukwazi ukufinyelela khona.
2. Hlanza izingilazi ngesihlanzi esingathathi hlangothi esixutshwe ngamanzi abandayo. Akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa noma yiluphi olunye uketshezi ukuhlanza izingilazi.
3. Ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi ugeza noma upheka), kuyalulekwa ukugqoka izibuko ezindala ukuze uvimbele ukulimala kwamalensi ezibuko ezintsha.
Abanye abantu bangase bahlanze izingilazi zabo ngamanzi afudumele ngenkathi begeza izinwele zabo, ubuso, noma begeza ukuze benze izingilazi zihlanzeke. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu ekumbozweni kwezingilazi futhi kungenza amalensi angasebenzi. Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi izingilazi kufanele zihlanzwe kuphela ngesihlanzi esingathathi hlangothi esixutshwe ngamanzi abandayo!
Ekuphetheni
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokumboza, imikhiqizo yesimanje yezibuko zamehlo yenze intuthuko enkulu ekudluliseni ukukhanya, ukumelana nokuklwebheka, kanye nezakhiwo zokulwa nokungcola. Iningi lamalensi e-resin, amalensi e-PC, kanye namalensi e-acrylic angahlangabezana nezidingo zabantu zansuku zonke mayelana nomklamo wokumboza.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izibuko zamehlo empeleni ziyimikhiqizo ebucayi kakhulu, ehlobene nobuchwepheshe bokumboza ungqimba lwefilimu, ikakhulukazi izidingo eziphezulu zokusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa. Okokugcina, ngithanda ukukukhumbuza: uma usuthole umonakalo kungqimba lwefilimu lwamalensi akho ezibuko zamehlo, washintshe ngokushesha. Ungalokothi uqhubeke nokuzisebenzisa ngokunganaki. Ukulimala kungqimba lwefilimu kungashintsha ukusebenza kahle kwamalensi. Nakuba amalensi amabili kuyindaba encane, impilo yamehlo ibaluleke kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Disemba-21-2023