Amalensi ajwayelekile kubantu abaningi, futhi adlala indima enkulu ekulungiseni i-myopia ezingilazini. Amalensi anezingqimba ezihlukene zokumboza, njengokwemboza okuluhlaza, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokunsomi, ngisho negolide eliwubukhazikhazi. Ukuguga kwezendlalelo zokumboza kungesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zokushintsha izibuko zamehlo, ngakho-ke ake sifunde kabanzi mayelana nezingqimba zokumboza zamalensi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-lens enamathela
Ngaphambi kokufika kwama-resin lens, ama-lens engilazi ayevame ukusetshenziswa. Izinzuzo zamalensi engilazi yinkomba ephezulu ye-refractive, ukudluliswa kokukhanya okuphezulu, nobulukhuni obuphezulu, kodwa futhi anezimo ezimbi njengokujwayele ukuphuka, ukusinda, nokungaphephile.
Ukuze kubhekwane nezingqinamba zamalensi engilazi, izimboni zenze izinto ezihlukahlukene zokuthatha indawo yamalensi engilazi, kodwa azikho ezifanelekile. Impahla ngayinye inezinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi, futhi kunzima ukufeza ibhalansi. Lokhu kusebenza futhi kumalensi e-resin amanje (izinto ze-resin).
Kumalensi e-resin amanje, ukunamathela kuyinqubo edingekayo. Izinto ze-resin nazo zinezigaba eziningi, njenge-MR-7, MR-8, CR-39, PC, NK-55-C, nezinye izinto eziningi ze-resin, ngayinye enezici ezihlukene. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-lens yengilazi noma ilensi ye-resin, ukukhanya okudlula endaweni ye-lens kuzobhekana nezimo ezihlukahlukene zokubona: i-reflection, i-refraction, ukumuncwa, ukuhlakazeka, nokudluliswa.
Ukumboza ilensi ngefilimu ephikisayo
Ngaphambi kokuthi ukukhanya kufinyelele indawo engaphezulu yelensi, kungamandla okukhanya angu-100%, kodwa uma kuphuma kulensi futhi kungena esweni, akusewona amandla okukhanya angu-100%. Ukuphakama kwephesenti lamandla okukhanya, kuba ngcono ukudluliswa kokukhanya, futhi kuyanda ikhwalithi yesithombe nokucaca.
Okokusebenza kwelensi ethile, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokubonisa kuyindlela evamile yokwandisa ukudluliswa kokukhanya. Ukukhanya okubonakala kakhulu, kuyancipha ukudluliswa kwelensi, okuholela kukhwalithi ephansi yokuthwebula izithombe. Ngakho-ke, ukunciphisa ukucabangela sekuyinkinga okufanele ixazulule amalensi e-resin, futhi ifilimu ephikisana ne-reflective (ifilimu ye-AR) isetshenziswe kulens (ekuqaleni, ama-anti-reflective coatings ayesetshenziswa kwamanye amalensi optical).
Ifilimu eliphikisayo lisebenzisa isimiso sokuphazamiseka ukuze lithole ubudlelwano phakathi kokubonakala kokuqina kokukhanya kwelensi evikela ungqimba yefilimu eboshiwe kanye nobude begagasi bokukhanya kwesigameko, ukujiya kongqimba lwefilimu, inkomba ekhanyelayo yongqimba lwefilimu, kanye inkomba ye-refractive ye-lens substrate, evumela ukukhanya okudlula ungqimba lwefilimu ukukhansela ngaphandle, kunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla okukhanya endaweni ye-lens nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesithombe nokuxazulula.
Izindwangu ezingabonakali zivame ukusebenzisa ama-oxide ensimbi ahlanzekile kakhulu njenge-titanium dioxide ne-cobalt oxide, afakwa endaweni ye-lens ngenqubo yokuhwamuka (i-vacuum deposition) ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela emihle ephikisana ne-reflective. Izembatho eziphikisayo zivame ukushiya izinsalela, futhi izingqimba eziningi zefilimu zitholakala ikakhulukazi kububanzi bemibala eluhlaza.
Umbala wefilimu ye-anti-reflective ungalawulwa, isibonelo, ukukhiqiza ifilimu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ifilimu ye-blue-violet, ifilimu ye-violet, ifilimu empunga, njalonjalo. Izendlalelo zefilimu ezinemibala ehlukene zinomehluko enqubweni yokukhiqiza. Isibonelo, ifilimu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka isho ukuthi ukubonakaliswa okuphansi kudinga ukulawulwa, futhi ubunzima bokugqoka bukhulu kunefilimu eluhlaza. Nokho, umehluko ekudluliseni ukukhanya phakathi kwamafilimu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka naluhlaza ungaba ngaphansi kuka-1%.
Emikhiqizweni yelensi, amafilimu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuvamile avame kakhulu phakathi kwamalensi asezingeni eliphezulu. Empeleni, ukudluliswa kokukhanya kwamafilimu aluhlaza kuphakeme kunamafilimu aluhlaza (qaphela ukuthi lokhu kuwumgomo) ngoba ukukhanya kuyingxube yamaza ahlukene, namaza ahlukene anezindawo zokucabanga ezihlukene ku-retina. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, ukukhanya okuphuzi-okuluhlaza kufanekiselwa kahle ku-retina, futhi ulwazi olubonakalayo olunezelwa ukukhanya okuluhlaza luphakeme uma kuqhathaniswa, ngakho iso lomuntu liyazwela ekukhanyeni okuluhlaza.
Ukumboza i-lens ngefilimu eqinile
Ngaphezu kokudlulisa ukukhanya, kokubili i-resin ne-glass materials ine-drawback ephawulekayo: ama-lens awanzima ngokwanele.
Isixazululo ukuxazulula lokhu ngokungeza ifilimu eqinile yokugqoka.
Ukuqina okungaphezulu kwamalensi engilazi kuphezulu kakhulu (ngokuvamile kushiya imikhondo emincane uma kuklwejwa izinto ezijwayelekile), kodwa akunjalo ngamalensi eresin. Amalensi e-resin aklwejwa kalula ngezinto eziqinile, okubonisa ukuthi awakwazi ukumelana nokugqoka.
Ukuze uthuthukise ukumelana kokugqoka kwe-lens, kuyadingeka ukwengeza ifilimu eqinile yokugqoka endaweni ye-lens. Izembatho zefilimu eqinile zivame ukusebenzisa ama-athomu e-silicon ekwelapheni ukuqina, kusetshenziswa isixazululo esiqinile esiqukethe i-organic matrix kanye nezinhlayiya ze-inorganic ultrafine ezihlanganisa izakhi ze-silicon. Ifilimu eqinile ngesikhathi esisodwa inokuqina nobulukhuni (ungqimba lwefilimu olungaphezulu kwelensi luqinile, futhi i-lens substrate ayishwabanisi kangako, ngokungafani nengilazi ephuka kalula).
Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko besimanje bokugqoka ifilimu eqinile ukucwiliswa. I-coating yefilimu eqinile icishe ibe nkulu, icishe ibe ngu-3-5μm. Kumalensi e-resin anezingubo zefilimu eqinile, angabonakala ngomsindo wokuthepha kudeskithophu kanye nokukhanya kombala welensi. Amalensi akhiqiza umsindo ocacile futhi anemiphetho ekhanyayo athole ukwelashwa okunzima.
Ukumboza ilensi ngefilimu elwa nokungcola.
Ifilimu elimelene ne-reflective kanye nefilimu eqinile yizimbozo ezimbili eziyisisekelo zamalensi e-resin okwamanje. Ngokuvamile, ifilimu eqinile imbozwa kuqala, ilandelwe yifilimu ephikisana ne-reflective. Ngenxa yemikhawulo yamanje yezinto zefilimu ezimelene ne-reflective, kukhona ukungqubuzana phakathi kwamakhono aphikisayo kanye nama-anti-fouling. Ngenxa yokuthi ifilimu ephikisayo isesimweni esinezimbotshana, ijwayele ukwenza amabala endaweni engaphezulu yelensi.
Isixazululo siwukwengeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sefilimu elwa nokungcola phezu kwefilimu ephikisayo. Ifilimu ephikisana nokungcoliswa ngokuyinhloko yakhiwe ama-fluoride, angavala isendlalelo sefilimu ephikisana ne-porous, ukunciphisa indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwamanzi, uwoyela, ne-lens, kuyilapho ingaguquli ukusebenza kwe-optical yefilimu ephikisana ne-reflective.
Ngokukhula kokwehlukahlukana kwezimfuno, kuye kwathuthukiswa izendlalelo zefilimu ezisebenza ngokwengeziwe, ezifana nefilimu ehlukanisayo, ifilimu ephikisana ne-static, ifilimu yokuvikela ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ifilimu elwa nenkungu, nezinye izendlalelo zefilimu ezisebenzayo. Izinto ezifanayo zamalensi, inkomba efanayo ye-lens refractive, izinhlobo ezahlukene, futhi ngisho nangaphakathi komkhiqizo ofanayo, ngezinto ezifanayo, uchungechunge oluhlukile lwamalensi lunomehluko wamanani, futhi ukumbozwa kwamalensi kungesinye sezizathu. Kukhona umehluko kubuchwepheshe kanye nekhwalithi yezingubo zokumboza.
Ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezingubo zefilimu, kunzima kumuntu ovamile ukubona umehluko. Nokho, kunohlobo olulodwa lokumboza lapho imiphumela ingabonwa kalula khona: amalensi okuvimbela ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ubuchwepheshe obuvame ukusetshenziswa kumalensi okuvimbela ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anomkhawulo ophezulu).
Ilensi efanelekile yokuvimbela ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ihlunga ukukhanya okuluhlaza okulimazayo ebangeni elingu-380-460nm ngongqimba lwefilimu oluvimbela ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Nokho, kunomehluko ekusebenzeni kwangempela phakathi kwemikhiqizo evela kubakhiqizi abahlukene. Imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene ibonisa umehluko ekusebenzeni kokuvimbela ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umbala oyisisekelo, nokudluliswa kokukhanya, okuholela ngokwemvelo ezintengo ezihlukene.
Ukuvikelwa kokumboza ilensi
Izembatho zamalensi ziyazwela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Izembatho zamalensi e-resin zisetshenziswa kamuva futhi zonke zihlanganyela ubuthakathaka obuvamile: ziyazwela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Ukuvikela izimbotshana zamalensi ekuqhumeni kunganweba ngempumelelo impilo yamalensi. Izindawo ezithize ezilandelayo zivame ukudala umonakalo kumalensi okunamathela:
1.Ukubeka izibuko kudeshibhodi yemoto phakathi nemini ehlobo.
2.Ukugqoka izibuko noma ukuzibeka eduze ngenkathi usebenzisa i-sauna, ukugeza, noma ukucwiliswa esiphethwini esishisayo.
3.Ukupheka ekhishini emazingeni okushisa aphezulu kawoyela; uma amafutha ashisayo efafaza kumalensi, angase aqhume ngokushesha.
4.Uma udla ibhodwe elishisayo, uma isobho elishisayo lichaphazela kumalensi, angase aqhume.
5.Ukushiya izibuko eduze kwempahla yasendlini ephehla ukushisa isikhathi eside, njengamalambu edeski, omabonakude, njll.
Ngokungeziwe kulawa maphuzu angenhla, kubalulekile futhi ukuqhela oketshezini oluqinile lwe-asidi noma lwe-alkali ukuze uvimbele amafreyimu noma amalensi ukuthi angagqwali.
Ukuqhuma kwezingubo zamalensi kanye nokuklwebheka kuhluke kakhulu. Ukuqhuma kubangelwa ukuchayeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma uketshezi lwamakhemikhali, kuyilapho imihuzuko ibangelwa ukuhlanzwa okungafanele noma umthelela wangaphandle.
Eqinisweni, izibuko ziwumkhiqizo othambile. Ziyakwazi ukuzwela ukucindezela, ukuwa, ukugoba, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu noketshezi olubolayo.
Ukuze uvikele ukusebenza kwe-optical kwesendlalelo sefilimu, kuyadingeka:
1.Lapho ukhumula izibuko zakho, zifake ebhokisini elivikelayo bese uzigcina endaweni lapho izingane zingeke zifinyelele khona.
2.Hlanza izibuko nge-detergent engathathi hlangothi ehlanjululwe ngamanzi apholile. Akunconywa ukusebenzisa noma yiluphi olunye uketshezi ukuhlanza izibuko.
3.Ezindaweni zokushisa okuphezulu (ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokugeza noma ukupheka), kuhle ukugqoka izibuko ezindala ukuvimbela ukulimala kwamalensi ezibuko ezintsha.
Abanye abantu bangase bageze izibuko zabo ngamanzi afudumele ngenkathi begeza izinwele zabo, ubuso, noma begeza ukuze benze izibuko zabo zihlanzeke. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu ezimbotsheni zamalensi futhi kungase kwenze amalensi angasebenzi. Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi izibuko kufanele zihlanzwe kuphela nge-detergent engathathi hlangothi ehlanjululwe ngokusebenzisa amanzi apholile!
Ekuphetheni
ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokumboza, imikhiqizo yezingubo zamehlo yesimanje yenze inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ekudluliseni ukukhanya, ukumelana nokuklwebheka, kanye nezakhiwo zokulwa nokungcolisa. Iningi lamalensi e-resin, amalensi e-PC, namalensi e-acrylic angahlangabezana nezidingo zabantu zansuku zonke mayelana nomklamo wokumboza.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izibuko zamehlo empeleni ziyimikhiqizo ethambile, ehlobene nobuchwepheshe bokumboza bongqimba lwefilimu, ikakhulukazi izidingo eziphakeme zokusetshenziswa kwezinga lokushisa. Okokugcina, ngithanda ukukukhumbuza: uma usuthole umonakalo kungqimba lwefilimu lwamalensi engilazi yakho yamehlo, uwashintshe ngokushesha. Ungalokothi uqhubeke nokuzisebenzisa ngokunganaki. Ukulimala kwesendlalelo sefilimu kungashintsha ukusebenza kokubona kwamalensi. Nakuba ama-lens amabili kuyindaba encane, impilo yamehlo ibaluleke kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-21-2023